partial vs total order

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Consistency and ConsensusData Systems

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• 2PCtwo-phase commit (prepare → commit); BLOCKING if coordinator dies
• causal consistencypreserve cause→effect order, cheaply
• consensusnodes agree on one value (agreement/integrity/validity/termination)
• coordination serviceZooKeeper/etcd, consensus-as-a-service
• coordinator/participantthe 2PC roles
• FLPno async consensus can always terminate with 1 crash
• Lamport timestampa counter giving causal total order
• linearizabilityact like one copy, reads always see the latest write (recency)
• Paxos/Raft/Zabconsensus algorithms
• strict serializabilitylinearizable + serializable
• total order broadcastsame-order delivery to all = a replicated log = consensus